All in all, 60 species of amphibians, 20 reptiles and nearly 120 species of bird were recorded. Large mammals found included the endangered Baird’s tapir, and four species of monkey, including the Geoffroy’s spider monkey and the red crested bare-faced tamarin.

Scientists consider the discovery of amphibians to be of particular importance because of their role as a gauge of the ecosystem’s health. Amphibians’ vulnerability to pollution, such as acid rain and climate change, means they act as an early-warning device for environmental degradation. The prevalence of new species of amphibians, therefore, gives hope for the health of the local environment.

As such, Jose Vicente Rodriguez-Mahecha, scientific director of Conservation International Colombia, said: “Without a doubt, this region is a true Noah's Ark.”

Juan Lozano, Colombia’s Minister of Environment, proudly stated: “Once more we confirm we are leaders in natural diversity – not only in our region, but also in the world.“ He heralded the discoveries as ”a great milestone for science and human health.”

The existence of a thriving amphibian population is also good news for the local indigenous people. The amphibians enthusiastically consume insects, thereby cutting down cases of malaria and dengue fever among humans.

Colombia is home to 754 recorded species of amphibian – one of the most diverse populations in the world. Internationally, the existence of a third of the known species is being challenged by disease, habitat destruction and climate change.

Deforestation for illicit farming and mining, as well as hunting, is threatening the Darien region, where the expedition took place. The organisers plan to use their dramatic results as further proof of the area’s high biological diversity. It should help in the fight to strengthen the area’s protected status, as well as support the local Eyakera people.

Also this week, the fossilized remains of a super-snake were discovered in Colombia. The 43-foot-long (13m) Titanoboa has redefined scientists’ understanding of the maximum possible size of a snake. Weighing 2,500 pounds (1,135kg), it was believed to have eaten crocodiles, and anything else it wanted, when it ruled the earth after the dinosaurs.

Jonathan Stibbs for RT

Conservation International-Colombia
(www.conservation.org) / photo by Marco Rada

Conservation International-Colombia
(www.conservation.org) / photo by Marco Rada

Conservation International-Colombia
(www.conservation.org) / photo by Marco Rada