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Lenin’s 140th anniversary: opinions divided

Published: 22 April, 2010, 14:10
Edited: 23 April, 2010, 22:50

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TAGS: Anniversary, Conflict, Lenin, History


It is 140 years since the father of Russian communism, Vladimir (Ulyanov) Lenin, was born and although it's being marked in Russia and worldwide, Lenin's mark on 20th century history remains deeply divisive.

The Russian Communist party marks the date by laying flowers at Lenin’s Mausoleum on Red Square. However, opinions about Lenin vary in broader society. To some, he changed the world for the better, but others insist his totalitarian state destroyed millions of lives.

And for yet another group of people the name is just a means to make money. Whatever negative comments he gets for impersonating Lenin, Sergey Solovyov shrugs them off and stands his ground. For him, Lenin is just business and it sells. Assuming the distinctive image is a definite attraction for those who want a shot of themselves next to the controversial Soviet leader. He gets almost US$20 for just one photo, the profits from his other job as a car mechanic do not come even close to that windfall.

“Lenin is especially popular among foreigners. But I have to say they are more stingy when it comes to money. But they understand: Lenin sells, just like everything else in this world,” claims Solovyov.

…those are values of justice, when everyone is born equal…

And just as you start thinking the spiritual father of the Soviet people is now just a retro souvenir, you meet people like historian Yaroslav Listov, who still praises Lenin’s ideas. The 27 year-old started admiring Vladimir Ilich Lenin when he was at school, at the time he watched Lenin’s portraits and statues being discarded like rubbish. Yaroslav Listov states “For me, he is the person who changed the world. I share his values. Those are values of justice, when everyone is born equal and can achieve something regardless of their social status.”

Read more about Vladimir Lenin in the Russiapedia section of the site

The founding father of the Soviet Union, Lenin dreamt of workers ruling the world. And to that end, before the revolution of 1917, he called for people to pick up whatever weapons they had and slaughter the local authorities.

Read more about this period in history in the Russia Now section of the site

Many followed the call. A relentless Red Terror was unleashed against those who disagreed with Bolshevik policies.

In the 1920’s, sensing the flaws of the new system, Lenin adopted a new, slightly more liberal economic policy, which came to an end with his death and the rise of Stalin.

Lenin’s real name was Vladimir Ulyanov. In the house where he was born there is a museum now, a major tourist destination in the city, just like all the other houses where Lenin had lived. What is interesting, housekeepers say most of their visitors are young people.

Simbirsk, the city on the Volga river where Lenin was born, was renamed Ulyanovsk in his honor in 1924.

Now Vladimir Ilich is a top brand there, looking at you from numerous mugs, t-shirts, and fridge magnets.

…he was a bloody dictator, just like Stalin and Hitler…

But some, like historian Dmitry Tocheny, say it is a shame, and the city should be given its old name. Tocheny believes that “The civil war, that he was responsible for, killed up to 13 million people. Let’s not forget over 2 million, the cream of the crop, left Russia, escaping from his policies. He was a bloody dictator, just like Stalin and Hitler.”

Hero, or villain, to some just a souvenir while to others, despite all the controversy about his legacy, polls show the most common feeling towards Lenin in Russia now is indifference.

Historian Sergey Kudryashov, an editor from “Rodina” magazine in Moscow, believes that public discussion of Lenin and his impact on Russian history may bring the opponents to a common point.

“For the past two decades his image changed drastically, because in the ’90s, when the entire system changed, Lenin was a sort of symbol of the old regime,” Kudryashov told RT. “And we heard a lot of criticism about that figure and a lot of new documents appeared in Russian archives, so a new image of Lenin appeared in Russian history.”

“Historians still argue about his impact on history, unfortunately there are still some documents classified in Russian archives, but the more we see and the more we discuss the problem, I think, we reach more or less a joint position on that particular figure,” he added. “Only some historians, extreme left or extreme right, disagree about the role of this politician.”

Watch full interview with Sergey Kudryashov

downloadembed

Vitaly Semenov, historian, considers that the role Lenin played in history cannot be underestimated.

“He absolutely changed the country, changed the society”, says Vitaly Semenov about Lenin. “He created absolutely new laws, new conditions of human lives.”

When assessing whether the changes Lenin introduced were for the better, Semenov says there cannot be an unambiguous answer.

“From the question of belief and human morals, it was catastrophic for Russia, but from the question of new experiences for world society, it was something really interesting. Other states looked at Russia and learned a lot of lessons about what they should change. Russia was like a field of experiments”, says Semenov.

Watch full video with Vitaly Semenov

downloadembed

According to Dr Leonid Dobrokhotov, historian and advisor to Russian Communist Party’s leaders, Lenin’s ideas are of great topicality.

“I believe that Lenin’s and Marx’s teaching is much more actual again today than it was 10 or 20 years ago” , Dobrokhotov told RT.

On the whole, the historian says that the West and Russia are now witnessing a re-emergence of interest in Lenin’s ideas, with young people making up 95 per cent of the new followers in Russia.

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Joanne W. April 23, 2010, 18:59
0

Just one of countless many bloody episodes of the reign of terror initiated by Lennin and his cronies: "...The Communists dragged Bishop Theophan to the shores of the already frozen Kama River, on December 11, 1917. There they began to rip off the clothing from their victim, while others began to plait the bishop's hair into small braids, in order to tie them together and put a rod underneath, and in this way, lift their victim into the air. And this is the Twentieth Century!!!! In a few minutes the bishop, his arms and legs tied with ropes, was ready for torture by the animal-like godless ones. The torturers cut a hole in the ice, and on both sides of the hole placed benches. On each bench two Communist "operators" stood, holding the rod that went through the braids of the Bishop Theophan. Slowly, the torturers began to submerge the bishop into the icy water and then lifted him up again in half a minute. Again they lowered him into the icy Kama. In twenty minutes, after having switched executioners, they had satisfied their demonic desires. The body of Bishop Theophan was covered with ice two inches thick, but the Martyr remained alive. The crowd of witnesses, among whom were many devotees of the Martyred Bishop, saw this horror with their own eyes (one even survived the Second World War and lived, until her death in 1974, in California). Holy New-Hieromartyr Theophan pray to God for us."

Tsar Justin April 23, 2010, 09:56
0

its ironic and sort of funny to see how the face of communism is now a brand for consumers... any government that stifles dissent is evil... i am very interested in russian history and try to look at it from different perspectives. in the end, i believe lenin was bad for russia and its people as well as the world. the whole concept of people living in peace and harmony in a worker controled state turned out to be a nightmare for almost a century.... and for what? to show humanity that it goes against human nature and that absolute power corrupts. peace

Roger April 23, 2010, 08:59
0

It's interesting to visit Leninskiye Gorky, just outside Moscow to the South-East. This was the estate where Lenin died. Not exactly modest, but not as grandiose as anything the Tsars had, and he was a head of state after all. The most interesting object there for me was his custom-made Rolls Royce snowmobile. Its rear wheels are like tank tracks, while there are skis at the front with small holes through which a portion of the wheels can make contact with the ground. It's also massive. A fascinating design from the era, and cost an absolute fortune. The two things that struck me about this were 1) The arrant hypocrisy of spending so much on himself at the worrkers' expense and 2) How Rolls Royce could have fulfilled the contract when Britain was assisting the White Army against Lenin in the revolution. Marxist ideology and reality may have been introduced to each other at a few parties, but I doubt they exchanged numbers.